Sand filter carbon filter fully automatic reverse osmosis removal of impurities and odors water treatment equipment

Product description

Technical analysis of sand filter carbon filter fully automatic reverse osmosis impurity and odor removal water treatment equipment
1、 System Core Architecture and Purification Principle
This device achieves efficient removal of impurities, odors, and dissolved pollutants in water through a three-stage process of “physical filtration adsorption purification membrane separation”. The core principle is as follows:
Sand filtration for impurities: Quartz sand physically intercepts large particle impurities such as suspended solids and sediment;
Charcoal odor removal: Activated carbon adsorbs organic matter, residual chlorine, and odor substances;
Reverse osmosis desalination: RO membrane deeply removes soluble salts, microorganisms, etc., while simultaneously enhancing the retention of odor substances.
2、 Process flow and key components
plaintext
Raw water → sand filter → carbon filter → precision filter → fully automatic reverse osmosis device → produced water
1. Sand filter (excluding impurity core)
Filter material: Quartz sand (particle size 0.5-1.2mm), layered and filled to form gradient filtration, with a turbidity removal rate of 90% (reduced from 20NTU to ≤ 2NTU).
Automation: PLC control pressure difference (>0.05MPa) or timed backwash, air water combined backwash (air flushing intensity 15L/(m ² · s), water flushing 8L/(m ² · s)), lasting for 10 minutes.
2. Carbon filter (deodorization core)
Filter material: Coconut shell activated carbon (specific surface area ≥ 1000m ²/g), with an adsorption rate of over 95% for odorous substances such as phenols and algal metabolites, and a residual chlorine removal rate of over 99%.
Design: The bottom dome shaped water dispenser avoids short circuiting of water flow, with a contact time of ≥ 15 minutes and a discharge odor level of ≤ 1 (no obvious odor).
3. Fully automatic reverse osmosis device
Membrane element: Anti pollution polyamide composite membrane (such as Dow BW30-400), with a retention rate of ≥ 99% for odor precursors (such as geosmin, 2-MIB) and a desalination rate of ≥ 98%.
Control: Automatic low-pressure flushing (1 minute on), chemical flushing (5 minutes off), automatic discharge when the conductivity of the produced water exceeds the standard, with a recovery rate of 60% -75%.

3、 Comparison of impurity and odor removal effects
Turbidity (NTU), residual chlorine (mg/L), total organic carbon (TOC, mg/L), odor level (1-5 levels), conductivity (μ S/cm) during the processing stage
Raw water ≤ 20 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 5.0 Grade 3-4 (obvious odor) ≤ 2000
After sand filtration, ≤ 5 ≤ 0.5 ≤ 4.0, grades 2-3 ≤ 1800
Carbon filtered ≤ 3 ≤ 0.05 ≤ 1.0 Grade 1-2 (slight odor) ≤ 1500
RO water production ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.02 ≤ 0.5 Grade 0-1 (no odor) ≤ 50
4、 Technological advantages and innovation points
Collaborative odor removal mechanism
Carbon filtration physically adsorbs large molecule odor substances, while RO membrane intercepts small molecule volatile organic compounds (such as trihalomethanes), forming a dual guarantee of “adsorption interception”.
Case: In a lake water odor treatment project, the concentration of soil odor in the raw water was 80ng/L, and after treatment, it was less than 5ng/L (below the detection limit).
Fully automatic pollution prevention design
The sand filter/carbon filter backwash is linked with RO chemical cleaning. When the TOC of the carbon filter effluent is greater than 1mg/L, the RO membrane alkaline washing (NaOH solution) is automatically triggered to prevent organic matter deposition.
Energy saving and economy
Activated carbon regeneration technology: Regularly oxidize the adsorbate with ozone (O3 dosage 1-2mg/L), extending the replacement cycle to 18 months (traditional 12 months);
Energy consumption: 1.2-1.8 kWh/m ³, reduced by 15% compared to traditional processes, suitable for long-term commercial and industrial operation.
5、 Application scenarios
Deep purification of drinking water
Reservoir water and lake water can remove algae, fishy smell and odor, and produce water that meets the direct drinking standard (GB 5749-2022), suitable for residential drinking water stations and school drinking water systems.
Industrial process water
Food and beverage: Use water for juice and beer production to remove odors and avoid interference from flavor substances (if the juice oxidizes odors);
Cosmetics: make-up water, essence production water, TOC<0.5mg/L, odor level 0.
Special water quality treatment
Groundwater removal of iron and manganese odors: Sand filtration uses manganese sand (MnO ₂ content>35%) to simultaneously remove Fe ² ⁺ (>0.3mg/L) and odors;
Gas station groundwater remediation: RO membrane intercepts benzene derivatives (such as benzene and toluene), and the produced water can be reused for green irrigation.

6、 Maintenance and troubleshooting
Cause and Solution of the Problem
Residual odor after carbon filtration, activated carbon failure/short circuit of water flow, replacement of activated carbon/inspection of water distributor
RO produced water has an odor and membrane contamination/concentrated water reflux is too high, citric acid is used to clean membrane components/reflux ratio is reduced
Poor backwashing effect of sand filter, filter material compaction/insufficient backwashing strength, supplement filter material/adjust backwashing pressure to 0.3MPa
7、 Selection and configuration suggestions
Configure by odor type
Organic odor: Enhanced carbon filtration (activated carbon iodine value ≥ 900mg/g)+RO membrane anti pollution coating;
Chemical agent odor: Add pre-treatment dosing system (such as emergency adsorption of powdered activated carbon).
Adaptation of water production capacity
Small: 1-10m ³/h (commercial water purifier), occupying 5-8 square meters;
Medium size: 20-50m ³/h (food factory), equipped with a 30m ³ water tank, with a power of 8-15kW.
Intelligent upgrade
Install online odor sensors (such as electronic noses) to monitor odor levels in real time and link with RO flushing programs;
Integrate remote operation and maintenance system, monitor activated carbon adsorption saturation through mobile APP, and provide early warning of replacement needs.
summarize
This device utilizes the synergy of sand filtration, carbon filtration, and RO membrane to remove impurities from water while achieving deep purification of odor substances through “adsorption retention decomposition”. It is particularly suitable for drinking water and food industry scenarios that require high taste and odor. Its high degree of automation and low operation and maintenance costs, combined with customized filter media and membrane technology, can flexibly respond to the odor challenges of different water sources, making it one of the mainstream solutions in the current water purification field.