Quartz Sand Filtration,activated Carbon, Filtrationfine Filtration Belt Softening,reverse Osmosis Water Treatment System

Product description

This system is an integrated device for deep water quality purification, which uses the synergistic effect of multi-stage physical, chemical, and membrane separation technologies to treat raw water (such as tap water, groundwater, and surface water) into pure water or ultrapure water that meets specific standards. It is widely used in industrial production, food and beverage, medical pharmaceuticals, electronic semiconductors, and other fields with strict water quality requirements. The following provides an explanation of the system composition, workflow, core functions, and application scenarios:
1、 Core components and functions of the system
1. Quartz Sand Filtration Unit
Construction: Pressure bearing filter tank (mostly made of fiberglass and stainless steel), filled with quartz sand of different particle sizes (gradually decreasing from top to bottom to form gradient filtration), equipped with automatic backwashing device.
Core role:
Remove suspended solids (SS) from raw water, such as sediment, rust, algae, colloidal particles, etc;
Reduce the turbidity of water (usually from 10-20 NTU to below 1 NTU);
Intercept large particle impurities to avoid scratching subsequent filter materials (such as activated carbon, reverse osmosis membranes) or blocking pipelines.
2. Activated Carbon Filtration Unit
Construction: The filter tank is filled with granular activated carbon (commonly coconut shell carbon, with stronger adsorption performance), and some systems may be equipped with columnar carbon to enhance durability.
Core role:
Adsorption of organic matter (such as pesticide residues, industrial solvents, humic acid), odors, and pigments in water;
Efficiently remove residual chlorine (Cl ₂, HClO, etc.) from water to prevent oxidation and damage to subsequent reverse osmosis membranes;
Partial activated carbon can adsorb trace heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and arsenic, further purifying water quality.
3. Fine Filtration Unit
Construction: Security filter (made of stainless steel or PVC), with built-in 5-10 μ m precision PP cotton filter, folding filter or melt blown filter.
Core role:
Retain small particles remaining after pre-treatment (such as activated carbon powder, sand particle fragments, colloidal particles);
As the “pre protective barrier” of the reverse osmosis system, it ensures that the diameter of water particles entering the reverse osmosis membrane is ≤ 5 μ m, preventing the membrane surface from being scratched or blocked.
4. Water Softening Unit
Construction: resin tank (containing sodium ion exchange resin), salt tank (storing industrial salt for regeneration), automatic control valve (controlling softening and regeneration cycle).
Core role:
By ion exchange reaction, calcium and magnesium ions in water are removed (i.e. reducing the hardness of water), and the reaction equation is:
Ca²⁺ + 2NaR → CaR₂ + 2Na⁺
Mg²⁺ + 2NaR → MgR₂ + 2Na⁺
Avoid the formation of scale (such as calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, etc.) on the surface of reverse osmosis membranes by hardness ions, to prevent a decrease in membrane flux or scrapping;
Fully automatic regeneration: When the resin is saturated with adsorption, the equipment automatically flushes the resin with salt water to restore its exchange capacity without manual intervention.

5. Reverse Osmosis (RO) unit
Construction: High pressure pump, reverse osmosis membrane module (commonly used roll type composite membrane, such as Dow and Heideneng brands), membrane shell, concentrated/produced water valve, pressure gauge, etc.
Core role:
Utilizing the selective permeability of reverse osmosis membranes (allowing only water molecules to pass through and intercepting over 99% of ions, organic matter, microorganisms, etc.), deep desalination is achieved;
Remove soluble salts (such as sodium chloride and sulfate), heavy metal ions, bacteria, viruses, and large organic compounds from water;
Produce pure water (conductivity can usually be reduced to below 10 μ S/cm, and can reach below 1 μ S/cm depending on the membrane stage).
6. Fully automatic control system
Core components: PLC controller, touch screen, sensors (flow, pressure, conductivity, liquid level), electric valve.
Function:
Automatically control the operation sequence of each unit (such as sand filtration → carbon filtration → softening → precision filtration → reverse osmosis);
Real time monitoring of key parameters (such as inlet and outlet water pressure, water quality, flow rate), automatic alarm in case of abnormalities (such as membrane fouling, filter blockage);
Automatically trigger maintenance processes such as backwashing (sand filtration/carbon filtration), resin regeneration (softening unit), membrane cleaning (RO system), etc., achieving unmanned operation.
2、 System workflow
Raw water pretreatment stage:
The raw water first enters the quartz sand filter to remove large suspended particles and colloids; The effluent enters the activated carbon filter to adsorb organic matter, residual chlorine, and odors; Subsequently, fine impurities are intercepted through a precision filter to ensure clear water quality.
Softening and hardening stage:
The pre treated water enters the softening unit, where sodium ion exchange resin replaces calcium and magnesium ions, reducing the hardness of the water and avoiding subsequent RO membrane fouling.
Deep desalination stage:
The softened water is pressurized by a high-pressure pump (meeting the working pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane, usually 1.0-1.5MPa) and enters the reverse osmosis membrane module; Water molecules pass through the membrane to form “produced water” (pure water), while salt and impurities are intercepted to form “concentrated water” (discharged or recycled).
Monitoring and maintenance:
The entire process is monitored in real-time by the control system. When the operating parameters of the equipment exceed the set range (such as excessive pressure difference or substandard water quality), automatic backwashing, regeneration, or shutdown alarm will be triggered to ensure the stable operation of the system.
3、 System advantages and application scenarios
Core advantages
Thorough water purification: By combining pretreatment, softening, and reverse osmosis technologies, raw water (such as tap water) can be treated into pure water with a conductivity of ≤ 10 μ S/cm, meeting the demand for high-purity water;
High degree of automation: full process automatic control, reducing manual operations and lowering maintenance costs;
Strong stability: Multi stage pretreatment effectively protects the reverse osmosis membrane and extends its service life (usually up to 2-3 years);
Wide adaptability: It can handle raw water of different qualities (such as high turbidity groundwater, chlorine containing tap water, and lightly polluted surface water).
Typical application scenarios

Industrial fields: electronic factories (chip cleaning water), chemical factories (formula water), power plants (boiler feedwater);
Food and medicine: beverage production (ingredient water), pharmaceutical factories (preparation water), dairy product processing (cleaning water);
Commercial and civilian use: hospitals (disinfection supply center water), hotels (direct drinking water system), laboratories (analytical water).
This system achieves efficient conversion from “raw water” to “pure water” through a hierarchical processing logic of “pretreatment → softening → reverse osmosis”, and is an indispensable deep water treatment solution in modern industrial and livelihood fields. The treatment effect can be adjusted according to demand (such as adding a secondary reverse osmosis or EDI system to further improve the water quality to ultra pure water level).