Mechanical Filtration,activity Carbon Filter Belt One Stage Reverse Osmosis Precision Filter Water Treatment System

Product description

1、 Core Component Functions and Principles
1. Mechanical Filtration
Definition and Function:
The pretreatment process of removing large particle impurities from water through physical interception usually includes a multi-media filter (sand filter) or a self-cleaning filter.
Typical equipment: Multi media filter
Filter material composition: upper layer quartz sand (particle size 0.5-1.2mm), lower layer anthracite (particle size 1-2mm) or manganese sand (excluding iron and manganese).
working principle:
The raw water passes through the filter layer from top to bottom, intercepting suspended solids, sediment, rust, etc. The turbidity decreases from 20NTU to below 5NTU.
When the pressure difference reaches 0.05-0.1MPa, automatic backwashing (reverse water flow, intensity 15-20L/(m ² · s), lasting for 5-10 minutes).
2. Activated Carbon Filter
Core functions:
Utilize the adsorption properties of activated carbon to remove residual chlorine, organic compounds (such as phenols and pesticides), pigments, odors, and reduce total organic carbon (TOC) in water.
Technical details:
Activated carbon type: Coconut shell activated carbon (specific surface area ≥ 1200m ²/g), with residual chlorine adsorption capacity>100mg/g.
Adsorption mechanism:
Physical adsorption: Capture molecules (such as residual chlorine Cl ₂) through a microporous structure.
Chemical adsorption: The functional groups on the surface of activated carbon react with pollutants (such as reducing residual chlorine to Cl ⁻).
Maintenance cycle: Replace activated carbon every 8-12 months or restore performance through thermal regeneration.
3. One Stage Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Desalination principle:
Under the drive of a high-pressure pump (0.8-1.5MPa), raw water passes through a reverse osmosis membrane, and water molecules pass through the membrane, while dissolved salts (such as NaCl), bacteria, viruses, and small molecule organic matter are intercepted.
Single stage desalination rate: 95% -98%, and the conductivity of the produced water is usually 5-50 μ S/cm (when the TDS of the raw water is less than 2000mg/L).
Key components:
Membrane element: Roll up composite membrane (such as Heideneng ESPA2), with an effective filtration pore size of 0.0001 μ m.
Concentrated water discharge: About 20% -30% of the raw water is discharged as concentrated water, containing high concentration impurities, and needs to be treated before discharge or reuse.
4. Precision Filter
Installation location and function:
Pre RO membrane security filter: with a filtration accuracy of 5 μ m, it intercepts small particles and colloids (such as silicides) remaining after mechanical filtration to prevent scratches on the membrane surface.
RO postpartum precision filtration (optional): 1 μ m filter element, further removing microorganisms or particles that may remain in the produced water, suitable for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Filter type: PP melt blown filter, replacement cycle 1-3 months (replace when pressure difference>0.1MPa).

2、 System process and linkage mechanism
1. Complete processing flow
plaintext
Raw water → Mechanical filtration (multi-media filter) → Activated carbon filter → Precision filter (5 μ m) → Primary reverse osmosis → Produced water (discharged or reused according to standards)
2. Key control points
Preprocessing linkage:
The mechanical filtration and activated carbon filter are backwashed through a pressure difference sensor to ensure that the RO inlet SDI (pollution index) is ≤ 5 and the residual chlorine is ≤ 0.1mg/L.
RO system automatic control:
Water production mode: Start RO when the water tank level is below 20%, and stop when it is above 80%.
Rinse mode: Rinse for 30 seconds before starting up (to eliminate dead water in the membrane), and rinse for 2 minutes after stopping (to prevent pollutant deposition).
3、 Application scenarios and performance characteristics
1. Typical application areas
Industrial water:
Cleaning water for electronic factories (conductivity ≤ 10 μ S/cm).
Pre treatment of boiler softened water (reducing hardness to ≤ 0.03mmol/L).
Civilian water purification:
Commercial water purification equipment (such as direct drinking water systems in schools and hospitals).
Purification of rural well water (removal of iron, manganese, and organic odors).
Wastewater treatment and reuse:
After pre-treatment, industrial park wastewater is reused through RO for reuse purposes such as toilet flushing and greening.
2. Performance advantages
Specific manifestations of characteristics
Multi stage filtration combined with mechanical filtration to remove large particles → activated carbon to remove residual chlorine/organic matter → RO deep desalination to ensure comprehensive water quality compliance.
Automated operation of PLC controls the entire process, supporting remote monitoring (such as viewing water production and conductivity through a mobile app).
The low-energy design of the high-pressure pump adopts frequency conversion control, and adjusts the power according to the water production demand, with energy consumption as low as 1-2kWh/m ³.
Compact integrated pre-processing and RO host integrated installation, occupying only 3-6 square meters (with a water production capacity of 1-5m ³/h).
3. Limitations
Raw water limitation: Suitable for raw water with TDS<2000mg/L, high salt water quality (such as TDS>5000mg/L) requires secondary RO or pre-treatment enhancement (such as softening, dosing).
Concentrated water management: Concentrated water has a high salt content, and direct discharge may require neutralization tanks or evaporation treatment (in scenarios with strict environmental requirements).

4、 Maintenance and troubleshooting
1. Daily maintenance checklist
Component maintenance content cycle
Check the backwash effect of the mechanical filter and supplement the filter material monthly
Activated carbon filter detects residual chlorine in the effluent (replace activated carbon when>0.1mg/L) every quarter
Precision filter replacement PP filter cartridge 1-3 months
Chemical cleaning of reverse osmosis membrane (with acidic/alkaline agents) every six months
Check the lubricating oil level of the high-pressure pump and clean the heat dissipation holes of the pump body every quarter
2. Common faults and solutions
Possible causes and solutions for the fault phenomenon
RO water production decreases by 30% due to membrane fouling/low inlet water temperature for chemical cleaning of membranes/raising water temperature to above 15 ℃
The conductivity of the produced water increases, and the membrane element is damaged/the opening of the concentrated water valve is insufficient. Replace the membrane/adjust the concentrated water valve to a recovery rate of 75%
Activated carbon filter effluent odor activated carbon adsorption saturation replaced activated carbon/check raw water organic matter concentration
5、 Selection and configuration suggestions
1. Pre treatment is configured according to the quality of raw water
High hardness water (calcium and magnesium>200mg/L): Add a softener (ion exchange resin) to prevent scaling of the RO membrane.
High turbidity water (>10NTU): Pre sedimentation tank+flocculation dosing (such as PAC/PAM) to reduce mechanical filtration load.
High residual chlorine water (>1mg/L): Add a reducing agent dosing device (sodium bisulfite) to protect the RO membrane.
2. Matching water production with equipment scale
Small scale system: water production of 1-5m ³/h, suitable for laboratories and convenience stores, equipment power of 3-7.5kW.
Medium sized system: producing 10-20m ³/h of water, suitable for hotels and factories, requiring a 50m ³ water tank.
Large scale system: water production>50m ³/h, using multiple sets of membranes in parallel, equipped with a central control system.
3. Environmental protection and energy-saving design
Concentrated water recovery: By using concentrated water reverse osmosis (RO concentrated water reprocessing), the total water utilization rate is increased to over 85%.
Energy recovery: Install a pressure exchanger (PX) to recover concentrated water pressure and reduce energy consumption of the high-pressure pump by 30%.
summarize
This water treatment system achieves multi-stage removal from large particle impurities to dissolved salts through a combination of “mechanical filtration+activated carbon adsorption+primary RO+precision filtration”, suitable for industrial and civilian scenarios with moderate water quality requirements. Its advantages lie in its simple process, high degree of automation, and low maintenance cost, making it one of the mainstream solutions to solve problems such as turbid water quality, odor, and high salt content. In practical applications, the pre-treatment configuration can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw water to achieve the best treatment effect.