Primary Reverse Osmosis with Automatic Sand Filter Carbon Filter Belt Softening Purification Water Equipment

Product description

1、 Core components and functions of the system
1. Automatic Sand Filter
Function: Through the physical interception effect of quartz sand filter material, large particle impurities such as suspended solids, sediment, rust, colloids, etc. in raw water are removed, reducing turbidity (usually from 20NTU to below 5NTU).
Automated design:
Equipped with a PLC control system, it automatically executes the filtration → backwashing → forward washing process. The triggering condition for backwashing is pressure difference>0.05MPa or timed (such as once a day).
The recoil intensity is 15-20L/(m ² · s), lasting for 5-10 minutes, without the need for manual intervention.
Filter material parameters: quartz sand particle size 0.5-1.2mm, filter layer thickness 1000-1500mm, filtration flow rate 5-10m/h.
2. Automatic Carbon Filter
Function: Utilizing the adsorption properties of activated carbon, remove residual chlorine, organic compounds (such as phenols and pesticides), pigments, and odors from water, and reduce TOC (total organic carbon) to protect subsequent reverse osmosis membranes.
Technical details:
Coconut shell activated carbon has a specific surface area of ≥ 1000m ²/g, with a residual chlorine adsorption efficiency of>99%. It automatically monitors the residual chlorine in the effluent and alerts to replace the filter material when it exceeds the standard (usually every year).
Support automatic backwashing and interlock with the sand filter to avoid water flow impact.
3. Softening Unit
Function: Remove calcium (Ca ² ⁺) and magnesium (Mg ² ⁺) ions from water through ion exchange resin, reduce hardness (such as from 300mg/L to below 5mg/L), and prevent reverse osmosis membrane fouling.
Automated regeneration:
The regeneration process is triggered by time/flow (such as every 100m ³ of water treated or once a week), and includes backwashing, salt absorption (8% -10% NaCl solution), slow washing, and forward washing, with a total duration of about 90 minutes.
The material of the resin tank is fiberglass or stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and has strong pressure bearing capacity (0.3-0.6MPa).
4. Primary Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Desalination principle: Under the drive of a high-pressure pump (0.8-1.5MPa), raw water passes through a reverse osmosis membrane, and water molecules pass through the membrane, while dissolved salts, bacteria, viruses, and small molecule organic matter are intercepted. The desalination rate is 95% -98%, and the conductivity of the produced water is ≤ 50 μ S/cm (when the TDS of the raw water is less than 2000mg/L).
Key components:
Membrane element: Roll type composite membrane (such as Dow BW30-400), with a single membrane production capacity of 1m ³/h and a service life of 3-5 years.
Concentrated water management: Automatically adjust the concentrated water valve to control the recovery rate of 60% -80%. The concentrated water can be returned to the pre-treatment front-end or collected for non drinking water scenarios.

5. Control system (PLC fully automatic control)
Function: Integrated human-machine interface (HMI), real-time monitoring of parameters such as pressure, flow rate, conductivity, hardness, liquid level, etc., automatically linking the operation of various devices.
Intelligent Logic:
Sand filter/carbon filter backwash and softening regeneration automatically stagger to avoid sudden drops in system flow.
The RO system dynamically adjusts based on the pure water tank level (low level start, high level stop) and water quality (automatic flushing when conductivity exceeds the standard).
2、 System Process and Water Quality Assurance
1. Complete processing flow
plaintext
Raw water → Fully automatic sand filter (to remove large particles) → Fully automatic carbon filter (to remove residual chlorine/organic matter) → Softening device (to remove hardness) → Primary reverse osmosis (desalination) → Purified water (to meet discharge standards or reuse)
2. Progressive effect of water quality
Turbidity (NTU), residual chlorine (mg/L), hardness (CaCO3, mg/L), conductivity (μ S/cm) during the processing stage
Raw water ≤ 20 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 500 ≤ 2000
Sand filtration+carbon filtration ≤ 5 ≤ 0.1 ≤ 500 ≤ 1800
Softened ≤ 5 ≤ 0.1 ≤ 5 ≤ 1800
RO water production ≤ 1 ≤ 0.05 ≤ 1 ≤ 50
3. Core technological advantages
Full process automation: reduces manual intervention, minimizes operational errors, and is suitable for 24-hour continuous operation scenarios.
Strong ability to resist water quality fluctuations: Through efficient pre-treatment, suspended solids, residual chlorine, and hardness are removed to ensure stable RO inflow and reduce membrane fouling risk by more than 30%.
Energy saving design: High voltage pump frequency conversion control, with an average energy consumption of 1.5 kWh/m ³, saving 20% energy compared to traditional systems; Softening regenerated salt consumption is as low as 80-100g/L resin.

3、 Application scenarios
1. Industrial production field
Electronics and Semiconductors: Chip cleaning water (conductivity ≤ 10 μ S/cm), matched with EDI, can be further improved to ultrapure water (resistivity ≥ 18M Ω· cm).
Medicine and cosmetics: Preparation of purified water (in accordance with Chinese Pharmacopoeia standards), softening+RO effectively controls calcium and magnesium ions and microorganisms.
Food and beverage: Production water (such as mineral water, fruit juice) is used to remove hardness and organic matter, ensuring product taste and shelf life.
2. Energy and Chemical Industry
Boiler and circulating water: reduce hardness to ≤ 0.03mmol/L to prevent boiler scaling; RO water is used for closed cycle cooling systems to reduce equipment corrosion.
Oilfield reinjection water: treat the produced water (remove suspended solids, oils, and hardness) to meet the reinjection water quality standards (such as suspended solids ≤ 2mg/L, particle size ≤ 2 μ m).
3. Civil and commercial fields
High end residential direct drinking water: The produced water meets the GB 5749 standard and is equipped with ultraviolet sterilizers to ensure the safety of drinking water.
Commercial water purification equipment: Centralized water supply for schools, hospitals, and office buildings, with a production capacity of 10-50m ³/h, supporting water demand in multiple scenarios.
4、 Maintenance and troubleshooting
1. Regular maintenance plan
Component maintenance content cycle
Check the loss of filter material in the sand filter and replenish quartz sand every six months
Carbon filter replaces activated carbon filter material annually
Softening resin testing exchange capacity, supplementing or replacing resin every 2-3 years
Chemical cleaning of RO membrane components (acid descaling/alkaline organic matter removal) every 6-12 months
Clean the dust in the control cabinet of the PLC control system and check the wiring terminals quarterly
2. Common faults and solutions
Possible causes and solutions for the fault phenomenon
RO water production decreases due to membrane fouling/insufficient pressure of high-pressure pump, chemical cleaning of membrane/checking of pump group pressure
Resin failure/abnormal regeneration program due to excessive hardness of softened water, resin replacement/reset regeneration parameters
The residual chlorine in the effluent of the carbon filter is high, and the activated carbon is saturated/the backwashing is not thorough. Replace the activated carbon/adjust the backwashing frequency
System automatic shutdown, pressure exceeding limit/abnormal liquid level inspection, pipeline blockage/repair of liquid level sensor

5、 Selection and configuration suggestions
1. Select based on water production rate
Small system: 1-10m ³/h, suitable for laboratories and small factories, equipment power 5-15kW, occupying an area of 5-10 square meters.
Medium sized system: 20-50m ³/h, suitable for residential areas and food factories, requiring a 50-100m ³ pure water tank with a power of 20-30kW.
Large scale system:>100m ³/h, using multiple sets of RO in parallel, equipped with a central monitoring platform, power>50kW, requiring a professional computer room.
2. Targeted configuration of raw water quality
High sulfate water quality (SO ₄² ⁻>500mg/L): The softening device uses sulfate type resin or adds scale inhibitors (such as CP118).
High silicon water quality (SiO ₂>50mg/L): Add silicon dispersant before RO to prevent silica scaling.
Seawater/brackish water (TDS>3000mg/L): Upgrade to secondary RO or equip with energy recovery devices (such as PX pressure exchangers) to reduce energy consumption.
3. Environmental protection and safety upgrades
Zero discharge of concentrated water: Concentrated water is treated through evaporation and crystallization, suitable for industrial parks with strict environmental requirements.
Explosion proof design: In flammable and explosive environments (such as chemical plants), explosion-proof high-pressure pumps, solenoid valves, and PLC control cabinets (explosion-proof grade Ex d IIC T6) are selected.
summarize
This water purification equipment achieves efficient treatment of high hardness, high turbidity, and high organic matter raw water through the combination of “fully automatic pretreatment+first stage RO desalination”, especially suitable for industrial and civilian scenarios with high requirements for automation and water quality stability. Its core value lies in the intelligent control of the entire process, efficient multi-level filtration collaboration, low operation and maintenance costs, and the ability to adapt to different water quality challenges through flexible configuration. Whether it is ensuring the safety of production water or providing high-quality drinking water, this system can become the preferred solution through stable performance and reliable technology.