Sand Filter,activity Carbon Filter and Primary Reverse Osmosis Belt Precision Filter Water Purification Treatment Equipment

Product description

1、 Core Component Functions and Principles
1. Sand Filter
Function: Through the physical interception effect of quartz sand filter material, large particle impurities such as suspended solids, sediment, rust, colloids, etc. in raw water are removed, and the turbidity of water is reduced (usually from 20NTU to below 5NTU).
Structure and operation:
The cylindrical tank is filled with quartz sand (particle size 0.5-1.2mm), with the upper layer of fine sand intercepting fine impurities and the lower layer of coarse sand supporting the filter layer.
Automatic backwash: When the pressure difference reaches 0.05-0.1MPa or is triggered at a fixed time, the water flow backwashs the filter material in reverse to remove trapped impurities (backwash intensity 15-20L/(m ² · s), lasting for 5-10 minutes).
2. Activated Carbon Filter
Function: Utilizing the adsorption properties of activated carbon, remove residual chlorine, organic compounds (such as phenols and pesticides), pigments, and odors from water, and reduce TOC (total organic carbon), protecting subsequent reverse osmosis membranes from oxidative damage.
Technical details:
Coconut shell activated carbon has a specific surface area of ≥ 1000m ²/g, an adsorption efficiency of>99% for residual chlorine, and an adsorption capacity of 100-150mg/g for organic matter.
Maintenance cycle: Activated carbon needs to be replaced once a year after saturation, or its performance can be restored through thermal regeneration.
3. Precision Filter
Function: Also known as a security filter, it is installed in front of the reverse osmosis membrane with a filtration accuracy of 5 μ m. It intercepts small particles, colloids, and suspended solids (such as silicon particles and iron manganese oxides) remaining after sand filtration/carbon filtration, preventing scratches or blockages on the membrane surface.
Type of filter element: PP melt blown filter element, with a deep filtration structure and strong dirt holding capacity. The replacement cycle is 1-3 months (when the pressure difference is greater than 0.1MPa).
4. Primary Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Desalination principle: Under the drive of a high-pressure pump (0.8-1.5MPa), raw water passes through a reverse osmosis membrane, and water molecules pass through the membrane, while dissolved salts (such as NaCl), bacteria, viruses, and small molecule organic matter are intercepted, achieving deep desalination.
Single stage desalination rate: 95% -98%, and the conductivity of the produced water is usually 5-50 μ S/cm (when the TDS of the raw water is less than 2000mg/L).
Core components:
Membrane element: Roll up composite membrane (such as Dow BW30, Heiden ESPA), effective filtration pore size 0.0001 μ m, single membrane water production of 0.5-1m ³/h.
Concentrated water control: Automatically adjust the concentrated water valve to control the recovery rate of 60% -80%. The concentrated water has a high salt content and needs to be treated before discharge or reuse.

2、 System process and linkage mechanism
1. Complete processing flow
plaintext
Raw water → sand filter (to remove large particles) → activated carbon filter (to remove residual chlorine/organic matter) → precision filter (5 μ m) → primary reverse osmosis (desalination) → purified water (to meet discharge standards or reuse)
2. Key control nodes
Preprocessing linkage:
The sand filter and activated carbon filter automatically trigger backwashing through a differential pressure sensor to ensure that the RO inlet SDI (pollution index) is ≤ 5 and residual chlorine is ≤ 0.1mg/L.
RO system automatic control:
Water production mode: Automatically start and stop according to water demand or water tank level (low level start, high level stop).
Rinse mode: Rinse for 30 seconds before starting up to remove stagnant water from the membrane, and rinse for 2 minutes after stopping to prevent pollutant deposition.
3、 Application scenarios and performance characteristics
1. Typical application areas
Industrial production:
Cleaning water for electronic factories (conductivity ≤ 10 μ S/cm).
Process water for the food and beverage industry (compliant with GB 5749 standard for drinking water).
Pre treatment of boiler softened water (reducing hardness to ≤ 0.03mmol/L).
Civilian water purification:
Direct drinking water system in the residential area (water conductivity ≤ 50 μ S/cm).
Purification of rural well water (removal of iron, manganese, odors, and high salt).
Wastewater treatment and reuse:
The industrial park wastewater is treated and reused as circulating cooling water (turbidity ≤ 1NTU, conductivity ≤ 500 μ S/cm).
2. Performance advantages
Characteristic technology implementation
Multi stage filtration with efficient collaborative sand filtration to remove large particles → activated carbon to remove chemical pollutants → RO desalination, layer by layer purification to ensure comprehensive water quality compliance.
High degree of automation PLC controls the entire process, supports remote monitoring (such as viewing water production and conductivity through a mobile app), and reduces labor costs.
Low energy consumption and long-life high-pressure pump variable frequency control (energy consumption 1-2kWh/m ³), RO membrane life can reach 3-5 years (under routine maintenance).
Compact integrated design for pre-processing and integrated installation of RO host, occupying only 3-6 square meters (with a water production capacity of 1-5m ³/h), suitable for limited space scenarios.
3. Limitations
Raw water restriction: Suitable for raw water with TDS<2000mg/L, high salt water quality (such as TDS>5000mg/L) requires secondary RO or pre-treatment enhancement (such as softening, dosing).
Concentrated water management: Concentrated water has a high salt content, and direct discharge may require supporting treatment facilities (such as neutralization tanks). In scenarios with strict environmental requirements, additional investment is required.

4、 Maintenance and troubleshooting
1. Daily maintenance checklist
Component maintenance content cycle
Check the loss of filter material in the sand filter and replenish quartz sand every six months
Activated carbon filter detects residual chlorine in the effluent, and replaces activated carbon every quarter if it exceeds the standard
Precision filter replacement PP melt blown filter cartridge 1-3 months
Chemical cleaning of RO membrane components (acid descaling/alkaline organic matter removal) every 6-12 months
Check the lubricating oil level of the high-pressure pump and clean the heat dissipation holes every quarter
2. Common faults and solutions
Possible causes and solutions for the fault phenomenon
RO water production decreases due to membrane fouling/low inlet water temperature, chemical cleaning of membrane/raising water temperature to above 15 ℃
The conductivity of the produced water increases, and the membrane element is damaged/the opening of the concentrated water valve is insufficient. Replace the membrane/adjust the concentrated water valve to a recovery rate of 70%
Activated carbon filter odor filter material adsorption saturation/sudden increase in organic matter in raw water Replace activated carbon/strengthen front-end pretreatment
Poor backwashing effect of sand filter, filter material compaction/insufficient backwashing pressure, backwashing of filter material/checking the performance of backwashing pump
5、 Selection and configuration suggestions
1. Pre treatment is configured according to the quality of raw water
High hardness water (calcium and magnesium>200mg/L): Add a softening device (ion exchange resin) to prevent scaling of the RO membrane.
High turbidity water (>10NTU): pre flocculation dosing device (PAC/PAM)+sedimentation tank to reduce sand filtration load.
High residual chlorine water (>1mg/L): Add a reducing agent dosing device (sodium bisulfite) to ensure residual chlorine is ≤ 0.1mg/L.
2. Matching water production with equipment scale
Small scale system: water production of 1-5m ³/h, suitable for laboratories and small factories, equipment power of 3-7.5kW.
Medium sized system: producing 10-20m ³/h of water, suitable for hotels and food factories, requiring a supporting 20-50m ³ water tank.
Large scale system: water production>50m ³/h, using multiple sets of membranes in parallel, equipped with a central control system and concentrated water recovery device.
3. Environmental protection and energy-saving upgrades
Concentrated water reuse: By using concentrated water reverse osmosis (RO concentrated water reprocessing), the total water utilization rate is increased to over 85%.
Energy recovery: Install a pressure exchanger (PX) to recover concentrated water pressure and reduce energy consumption of the high-pressure pump by 30%.
Green material: Food grade stainless steel or PE material is selected, which meets environmental and hygiene standards (such as GB 17219).
summarize
This water treatment equipment achieves efficient removal of physical impurities to dissolved salts through a multi-stage combination of “sand filtration+activated carbon+precision filtration+RO”, suitable for industrial production, civil water purification, and mild sewage treatment and reuse scenarios. Its advantages lie in its simple process, high degree of automation, and low maintenance cost, making it the mainstream solution to solve problems such as turbid water quality, high salt content, and odor. In practical applications, the configuration can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw water to achieve the best treatment effect and cost-effectiveness.